PQMethod Additional Program Files


Note: The following programs  are contained also within the PQMethod 2.20 package, without documentation, however.

pqm2htm.zip (2012-01-04)
Two command-line tools for 'converting' PQMethod  Q-Sort files to HTML:
PQM2HTM ('PQMethod to HTM') creates a single HTML document containing all Q-sorts, PQM2mHTM ('PQMethod to multiple HTML files') outputs separate HTML files for every Q-sort, together with all frame files required.


horst55.zip
Contains horst55.exe, a DOS program for Centroid factor analysis with iterative solutions for communalities; adapted from Horst (1965). Reads the <study_name>.cor correlation matrix file as produced by PQMethod (QPCA or QCENT), and outputs a <study_name>.unr unrotated factor matrix file which in turn can be used as input for  PQMethod. Fortran source code included. The protocol with the iterated series of communality estimates, factor loadings, and residual correlation matrix is output to the file <study_name>.lis.

Horst, P. (1965) Factor Analysis of Data Matrices. Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

Using "HORST 5.5" as an Alternative to PQMethod's Builtin Centroid Extraction Method (see Brown, 1980)

In its default setting, horst55 typically extracts two factors only. That is because Horst suggested a stopping criterion that is rather strict, given the typically small number of  cases, m, i.e., statement numbers, in Q studies. It demands that the average squared residual correlation must be greater than 1/m. So, for a study with 30 statements, this figure is .03, which does not seem so small at first glance. However, un-squared it corresponds to r = .18, and it refers to  the average not the maximal value in the residual correlation matrix. At any rate, you can experiment by modifying the default parameters in the first header line of the .cor file (three numbers with three digits each, padded blanks or zeroes):

1-3:     Maximal numbers of factors to extract (up to 8): Default is 0 for max. 8 factors.
4-6:     n, number of sorts. Do not change.
7-9:     m, number of statements. If you change that number to, for instance, 100, the stopping criterion would be changed to an  average residual r2 < .01 (corresponds to an r  = .10). Setting the number to 999 practically overrules this criterion for using the max. number of factors as the only criterion instead.

If you use the 'Lipset' example data for trying out, and change the first line in the original  lipset.cor from

  0  9 33 Lipset Study (PQMETHOD testfile; cf. Brown, 1980, pp. 183ff.)
to
  3  9 50 Lipset Study (PQMETHOD testfile; cf. Brown, 1980, pp. 183ff.),

horst55 will output three unrotated centroid factors in lipset.unr. You need not mind the program message 'Communality estimates did NOT converge after 30 Iterations.'  If you inspect the lipset.lis you will see that the differences between 29th and 30th iterations are really very small (the limit set in the program is .001).

Before you can continue with PQMethod for rotating factors and running QANALYZE, you must not forget to correct the 'faked' number of sorts in the first line of lipset.unr (from 50 back to 33).

Please note that different from the implementation of Brown's (1980) Centroid method in PQMethod, the iterative process of inserting as starting values communality estimates found after extracting all factors, factors are not invariant over solutions with increasing numbers of factors extracted.



Back to the QMethod Page


Peter Schmolck <p41bsmk@unibw-muenchen.de>  2012-March-09